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CBMS - 1,2,&3

Magnetic separation is a process that utilizes magnets to separate magnetic materials from non-magnetic ones. This technique is crucial in various industries, including mining, recycling, and food safety, ensuring products are free from hazardous metals. 

**Key Components:**

**Types of Magnets:** Rare earth magnets (Neodymium, Samarium Cobalt) are commonly used for their strength and efficiency.

 **Applications:** Magnetic separators can be found in systems like conveyor belts, where they remove contaminants from products before reaching consumers.

The effectiveness of magnetic separation relies on the differing magnetic properties of materials, making it essential for enhancing product quality and safety.

Process Efficiency: The technique enhances mineral purity and protects machinery from damage caused by metal contaminants, ensuring higher quality output

• Efficiency in Material Separation: Magnetic separation effectively removes unwanted ferrous materials, enhancing the purity of valuable minerals and reducing processing costs.
• Protection of Equipment: By eliminating tramp metals, it safeguards machinery from damage, prolonging equipment lifespan and reducing maintenance needs.
• Versatility Across Industries: This method is applicable in various sectors, including coal, iron ore, and industrial minerals, making it a flexible solution for different mining processes.
• Cost-Effectiveness: Magnetic separation is a low-maintenance process that can significantly lower operational costs while improving product quality.
• Environmental Benefits: It aids in recycling efforts by efficiently separating valuable materials from waste, contributing to sustainable mining practices

DETAILS OF FUNCTIONS - 

SFU / SD F1 -

A Switch Fuse Unit (SFU) is a critical component in electrical circuits, designed to provide both switching and protection functions. It combines a switch and a fuse in one unit, allowing for manual operation and automatic disconnection during overload or short circuit conditions.

Functionality: The switch allows for the manual connection or disconnection of the circuit, while the fuse protects against overcurrent by melting when excessive current flows

What are the advantages of using an SFU in electrical circuits

Using a **Switch Fuse Unit (SFU)** in electrical circuits offers several advantages:

Ii**Combined Protection**: SFUs integrate a switch and a fuse, providing both manual disconnection and automatic overcurrent protection in one device, enhancing safety and convenience.

 **Cost-Effective**: They are generally more economical than circuit breakers, as replacing a blown fuse is simpler and less costly than resetting a breaker[3][4].

 **Compact Design**: SFUs are typically smaller and require less installation space, making them suitable for various applications, especially in industrial settings

**Higher Interrupting Capacity**: They can handle higher loads, making them ideal for industrial applications where significant power is used.

**Quick Response Time**: SFUs can isolate faults more rapidly than circuit breakers, minimizing potential damage to connected equipment.

What are the maintenance requirements for an SFU

Maintenance of a **Switch Fuse Unit (SFU)** is crucial for ensuring its reliability and safety. Here are the key maintenance requirements:

**Regular Inspection**: Check for signs of wear, damage, or corrosion on the unit and its connections.

**Fuse Replacement**: Replace blown fuses promptly to restore functionality, ensuring the new fuse matches the required rating.

**Cleaning**: Keep the SFU clean and free from dust or debris, which can cause overheating or short circuits.

 **Electrical Testing**: Conduct periodic testing to verify that the fuse and switch operate correctly under load conditions.

 **Documentation**: Maintain records of inspections, replacements, and any repairs performed to track the unit's maintenance history.

**Professional Servicing**: Engage qualified personnel for any significant repairs or modifications to ensure compliance with safety standards.

TRANSFORMER -

An electrical device known as a **transformer** allows voltage adjustment without altering frequency by using electromagnetic induction to transmit electrical energy between circuits. It usually consists of a magnetic core encircled by two coils, the main and secondary. A fluctuating magnetic field created by an alternating current passing through the primary coil causes a voltage to be induced in the secondary coil. Transformers are categorised as either **step-down** (decreasing voltage) or **step-up** (increasing voltage) depending on how they are used in power distribution and transmission systems.

How to TRANSFORMER WORKING ?

**Electromagnetic induction**, or more accurately **Faraday's Law**, asserts that an electromotive force (EMF) in a conductor is induced by a changing magnetic field. This is the fundamental idea behind how a transformer operates.

Alternating current passing through the **primary winding** creates a fluctuating magnetic flux in the **core**. This flux links to the **secondary winding** and creates an EMF based on the turns ratio of the windings. Depending on how many spins it has, the secondary can step up or step down the voltage while maintaining the same frequency and power transfer.

THORMOSTER RELAY -

Relays that use thermoistors, especially those for motor protection, are crucial for keeping an eye on and guarding against overheating in electrical equipment. To detect temperature and guarantee safe operation, they make use of PTC temperature sensors included into motor windings. Important uses consist of:
Motor protection: By keeping an eye on winding temperatures, it guards against overheating and damage.
Overload protection: Identifies too much current or not enough cooling.
Temperature monitoring: Used to ensure ideal operating conditions in a variety of equipment, such as transformers and machines124.
To improve operating safety, these relays provide the option to reset manually or automatically after cooling down.

What are the main benefits of using a thermistor relay in industrial applications

The main benefits of using thermistor relays in industrial applications include:

**Reliable Overload Protection**: They monitor motor temperatures to prevent thermal overload, ensuring equipment safety and longevity.

**Versatility**: Suitable for various applications, including motors, transformers, and heating systems, they can operate under heavy-duty conditions and frequent switching.

**Automatic Resetting**: Many models feature auto-reset capabilities, allowing for quick recovery after cooling without manual intervention.

**Compact Design**: Their small size saves space in control panels, making them ideal for installations with limited room.

**Cost Efficiency**: Thermistor relays are generally more affordable than other protection devices while providing high accuracy and reliability.

OVERLOAD RELAY -

An  overload relay is a protective device designed to prevent electric motors from overheating due to excessive current. It operates by monitoring the current flowing through the motor circuit; if the current exceeds a preset limit for a specific duration, the relay trips, interrupting the power supply to the motor. Overload relays can be thermal or magnetic, with thermal relays using bimetallic strips that bend under heat to trigger the trip mechanism. They can be manually or automatically reset after addressing the overload condition.

 

PROXIMITY SWITCH - 

A proximity switch is a non-contact sensor that detects the presence of nearby objects using magnetic, electric, or optical means. These switches are preferred over traditional limit switches due to their durability, as they do not wear out from physical contact. Common types include **inductive** (for metallic objects), **capacitive** (for non-metallic objects), **optical**, and **ultrasonic** switches. They typically feature transistor outputs, either sourcing or sinking current, and are widely used in industrial applications for position detection and automation tasks.

TIMER -

A **timer** is a device that counts down from a specified duration to zero, commonly used for cooking, workouts, or reminders. It can be mechanical, like an hourglass, or electronic, offering features such as alarms and multiple settings. Online timers are widely available, allowing users to set countdowns easily through websites or apps. They are essential tools for managing time effectively in various activities, including cooking and exercise.

CONTACTOR -

A **contactor** is an electromechanical switch designed to control electrical circuits, particularly for high-power applications like motors and lighting systems. It operates by using a coil to create a magnetic field that opens or closes contacts, allowing or interrupting the flow of electricity. Unlike relays, contactors handle higher current and voltage levels, making them essential in industrial settings for automation and protection against electrical faults. Common types include electromagnetic and definite-purpose contactors, each suited for specific applications.

DESCRIPTION -

LEGEND -

INDICATION LAMP -

H1 - (R) - Indication Lamp 

H2 - (Y) - Indication Lamp 

H3 - (B) - Indication Lamp 

H4 -  Magnet DC Supply ON (Indication Lamp)

FUSE -

e4 - 6 - 20A

e10-12 - 63A fuse ( Transferormer output side)

e13 - 50A

e14 - 50A

e15 - 2A

e16 - 2A

e17 - 2A

e18 - 2A - (0 Volt put Supply of Transformer) (0V -ve supply is connected at fuse side)

e19 - 4A - ( Again 240V come out from Transformer through 23 - FUSE 24 Feruling accross the control 

e20 - 4A - ( It is also Transformer 0V supply. and 23 FUSE 26 Feruling the -ve point was distribute.

MAIN CONTACTOR -

C1 - (9Amp) Contactor 

C2 - 16A

AUXILIARY CONTACTOR -

D1 -

D2 -

D3 -

D4 -

D5 -

D6 -

D7 -

D8 -

OVERLOAD RELAY -

le1 - 6 - 10A - Over load 

le2 - Overload (9-15A)

le 3 - Overload Relay (30 - 50A)

TRANSFORMER -

m1 - ∆/Y 125KVA

n1 - 9.0 KW (with R-C movie ckt) Output - 220V DC

AMETER -

Q1 - Ameter (0 - 75A)

CURRENT RELAY -

CR - 

VOLTMETER -

D2 - 0 - 300 Voltmeter 

P1 -

P2 -

P3 -

P4 - 

P5 -

A -

B -

T8 -

T9 -

THORMOSTER RELAY -

e4.3 -

PROXIMITY SWITCH -

T1 -

T7 -

T6 -

T5 -

External Interlock -

T3 -

T4 -